Sectional boiler



Aug. 11, 1931. c. H. HOOK ET AL SECTIONAL BOILER Filed Jan. 28, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR M H-owaw! M W at M WITNESSES Aug. 11, 1931. c. H. HOOK ET AL v 1,818,396

I SECTIONAL BOILER Filed Jan. 28, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 &

43 44 \D C). I 41 42 Wrmcssss mvzu 'ron 7% 6K 774mm g, @Mzm Patented Aug. 11, 1931 warren srArss PATENT orrics CHARLES HOWARD HOOK, F PITTSBURGH, AND NATHAN L. MER'GUR, 0 F MC'KEESPORT',

PENNSYLVANIA; SAID MERGUR- ASSIGNOR TO SAID HOOK SEC[01033114113 BOILER Application filed. January 28, 1928. Serial No. 250,183.

This invention relates to water heaters or boilers built up of clamped-together cast iron sections. 1 v

The objects of the invention are to provide 1 an improved construction of the individual M sections, and an, improved relation of the cooperating parts of adjacent assembled sections. 2

Further objects are to improve the efliciency of such heaters, particularly in the advantageous arrangement of the heat absorbing surfaces with reference to the gases of combustion.

Another object is to provide improved means connecting the transverse tubes of the heater sections for giving an even circulation of water through the various conduits, for preventing regurgitation, avoiding pockets in the water passages, etc.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a partial longitudinal vertical section through the heater formed of a plurality of sections assembled; Fig. 2 is an under-view on the line II-II of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one unit, and a sectional view through the gas burner and connecting bolts of the assembled device; and Fig. 4 is a side elevation of an al ernate unit with the common parts as shown in Fig. 3. The view of Fig. 1 shows vertical cross sections of the assembled units illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, 011 the lines II thereof, respectively.

. As is well known in this art, heaters or low pressure boilers, particularly designed for :5 water or steam circulation in house heating,

are ordinarily composed of a plurality of substantially similar cast iron sections adapted to be placed in lateral contact and held'together by a number of longitudinally positioned through-bolts. The number of sections so associated varies according to the size of the heating unit desired, it being possible to make a heater of any desired capacity simply by varying the number of units or seetions that are associated. In the present construction anynumber of units or sect-ions may be used, the adjacent sections being dissimilar, but every alternate section being similar.-

Referring to Fig. 1, the heater as a whole comprises'a plurality of cast sections A and B, arranged in alternate order. Sections-A are identical with each other. Sections B are identical with each other. Sections A differ from sections in respect to the construction of the lowermost tubes of each sevries, and in respect to the levels at. which the corresponding tubes are arranged. These are surrounded by a casing having a top 1, end walls 2, sides 3, and a base casing 4. Beneath each section is a as burner comprising a tip or nozzle portion 5, and a mixing tube 6. A door 7 for lighting the burners and inspecting the operation thereof is provided in the base 4. The heater sections are supported upon this base, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Through-bolts 8 and 9. for clamping the. assembled sections inward longitudinally of the completed boiler, are shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

The individual sections or units are similar in that they each comprise lateral upright conduits. In the section A these are numbered 10 and 11, and in the section B they are correspondingly numbered 106 and 116. Each section has an opening 12, 12b, for the circulation from it to the adjacent sections, on each side, of cold water, and openings 13 and 13b for connection of each section to adjacent sections for passage therethrough of the heated water or steam. The upright conduits are connected at their tops by steam doznies or upper terminal water conduits 14, 14

The upright conduits are joined by a plurality of-transverse connecting tubes which in section A are numbered from the lowermost to the top respectively, 15, 16, 17 ,18

and 19. The connecting tubes of section .B are likewise numbered 20, 21, 22 and 23.

Referring to section A, as illustrated in Fig, 3, the lowermost tube 15 extends straight across between the conduits 10 and 11, at the lowermost. points thereof. The V undersurface and sides of this tube have parallel fins 24 to provide maximum heat exposure surfaces as and for purposes well known in this art. This tube 15 is connected to the adjacent upper tube of the unit 16 by means of a pair of intermediate. vertically disposed Venturi tubes 6 1 27., .It will be observed that this used at each end.

pair of Venturi tubes have their outer walls substantially Vertical and their adjacent walls flared inwardly. The result is to form a Venturi tube with an'inward directional effect upon water passing therethrough. Consequently water passing from the tube 15 to the tube 16 through the tubes 26 and 27 will be directed towards the middle of the section, away from the side conduits.

The tube 16 is connected to the tube 17 by means of a pair of similar Venturi tubes 28 and 29 except that the straight sides of these tubes are adjacent, and their other sides are outwardly flared so as to direct water passing therethrough away from the median plane of the section. The next pair of Venturi tubes 30 and 31 are similar to the first pair 26 and 27. The next pair 32 and 33 are similar to the pair 28 and 29. The Venturi tubes34 and 35 connecting the uppermost cross tube 19 with the steam dome, or main transverse conduit, are flared so as to direct the streams of water inwardly. In other words, the Venturi tubes are arranged in pairs, in each case the individual tubes being arranged to direct the flow of water first inwardly to the middle of the section, and then the next pair to direct it outwardly, and so on in alternate arrangement from bottom to top.

The intermediate or alternate sections B differ from the sections A in that the lowermost transverse tube 20 is positioned a material distance above the lower ends of the side conduits 10b and 11b. The passage through 12 and 127) will drain the lower end of the conduit 11?), but in order to avoid a pocket at the lower end of the conduit 10?), a small drainage tube leads from the lower end of the tube 10?) to an intermediate portion of the transverse tube 20. This tube 40 is S-shaped, in order to prevent breakage due to expansion and contraction under varying heat conditions. Both it and the main tube 20 have their lower surfaces provided with fins 2 1 2 15 for increasing the heat conductivity. This drainage of the end of tube 101) prevents its becoming filled with sediment and consequent burning off.

The connecting tubes 20, 21, 22, and 23 and steam dome or upper cross conduit 14:?) are connected by pairs of vertically disposed Venturi tubes tl42, 43- l4, 4546, 47-48. These pairs of Venturi connecting tubes are arranged alternately in inward and outward water-directing form as shown and described above in connection with the section A.

In assembling the section for making up a heater or boiler, as shown in Fig. 1, the sections A and B must be arranged in alternate order, although any desired total number may be used. Preferably a section A is For convenience'these will be referred to as the primary sections. The intermediate sections B will be referred to as the secondary sections. The end plate 2 is formed with an inwardly projecting flange 50 which contacts with the outer face of the steam dome 14: so as to make a tight fit therewith. Intermediate fianges 51 form baflies for directing the hot gases, to preserve the tortuous path thereof, as will be readily understood.

Next to the section A a section B is placed. It will be understood that the upright conduits and all outer walls of the two units or sections are adapted to make a close fitting contact on a vertical plane, so that when the sections are clamped together a gas-tight joint therebetween will be formed.

The transverse connecting tubes between the side conduits of the alternate sections A and B are arranged at diflerent heights, but the same distance apart, so that when the sec-.

tiones A and B are assembledwith their outer walls in registering contact. the cross conduits of the two sections will be symmetrically staggered with respect to each other. 1 Furthermore, these connecting tubes are made in substantially diamond or flattened shape, and of a wider dimension than the width of the upright or lateral conduits, so that the transverse tubes are not only arranged in staggered order but each tube extends beyond the end conduits, and lies between the outer edges of tend inwardly only sufliciently far to give a practical structure. In order to give a clear passage for gas around the tubes 40, the adj acent lowermost tubes 15 of the primary sections A are narrowed at the end adjacent the tubes 40, but beyond the end of the tube 10 these tubes 15 which constitute the primary heating surface of the boiler are wider than the upper tubes of the sections A. The tubes of sections A and B are substantially identical, except for the lowermost tubes. ermost tubes of sections A are widened beyond the ends of the supplemental drainage tubes 10 of the intermediate sections B. This structure is brought out particularly in Fig. 2.

By this arrangement the gases of combustion have a substantially uniform passage between the lowermost tubes of the assembled sections, in spite of the use of the drainage tubes 40 and a maximum primary heating surface against which the flame of the burner initially impinges is provided whereby maximum heat absorption is effected.

By the arrangement above described a boiler is provided made up of two series of alter- The lowrerasee nately assembled standard sections, with only two variations therein, providing a staggered arrangement of transverse connecting tubes, with an overlapping in vertical order of the adjacent tubes of adjacent sections, with complete drainage of all of the upright conduits of the boiler, with means for insuring a uniform circulation of' water from tube to tube and from section to section, with a maximum primary heating surface and with an overall maXimum exposure of water to heat absorbing surfaces.

At the same time all of the tubes are accessible for cleaning by means of brushes inserted from end to end of the assembled boiler. Furthermore, the arrangement of tubes is such that each section may be cast without undue difiiculty from the foundrymans point of view.

Many advantages of the construction illustrated will be apparent to those familiar with the art.

We claim:

1. A water heater section of the transverse tube type comprising upright conduits, transverse tubes connecting the conduits, each tube being connected to the adjacent tube by a pair of flattened upwardly flared Venturi tubes, successive pairs of Venturi tubes in vertical relation being constructed to direct water toward the conduits and toward the middle of the section alternately in successive order.

2. A water heater comprising a plurality of sections of the transverse tube type, each section comprising side upright conduits and two or more transverse connecting tubes, the transverse tubes being wider than the upright conduits, the side conduits of all sections being co-extensive, the connecting tubes of all sections being equally spaced apart, the connecting tubes of alternate sections being arranged in staggered relation to the assembled heater, the adjacent transverse tubes of each section being connected by vertically aligned Venturi tubes intermediate the side conduits.

3. A water heater section comprising end upright conduits and transverse connecting tubes, the lowermost connecting tube being spaced above the lower ends of the end conduits, one end conduit having at its lowermost portion a connection for water circulation to other sections, and a supplementary tube connecting the lowermost part of the other conduit to an intermediate part of the lowermost tube.

4. A water heater section comprising end upright conduits and transverse connecting tubes, the lowermost connecting tube being spaced above the lower ends of the end conduits, one end conduit having at its lowermost portion a connection for water circulation to other sections, a supplementary tube connecting the lowermost part of the other conduit to an intermediate part of the lowermost tube, and Venturitubes connecting each transverse tube with the tube above.

5. A water heater comprising a plurality of sections, divided into a'series of identical primary sections and a series. of identical secondary sections, alternately arranged, each sectioncomprising'upright end conduits and transverse connecting tubes, the" tubes of each section being arranged in staggeredrelation to the adjacent tubes of the adjacent section, the lowermost tubes of the primary sections lying below the lowermost tubes of the secondary sections and being widened to reduce the clearance for gases of combustion. beneath the lowermost tubes of the secondary sections.

6. A water heater comprising a plurality of sections, consisting of a series of identical primarysections, and a series of identical, secondary sections, each section comprlsing uprightconduits and transverse connecting tubes, the tubes of the sections of each series being at different levels from adjacent tubes of the intermediate sections whereby to,

position the tubes-of adjacent sections in staggered relation to each other, the lowermost tubes of the primary sections being lower than the lowest connecting tubes of'the intermediate secondary sections, said lowermost,

tubes of Said P imary sections being wide than the upper connecting tubes thereof, whereby to restrict the flow of gases below the lowermost tubes of the secondary series.

7. A water heater comprising a plurality of; .1

ranged in alternating order, all sections comprising end upright conduits and transverse connecting tubes, the tubes of the primary sections being arranged in staggered relation to primary sections and secondary sections ar ths tubes of adjacent secondary sections, the

sections of the secondary series having their lowest tubes connected at one end to the lower end of an upright conduit by a supplementary tube adapted to drain said end of the up-. v

right conduit, and the sections of the other series having their lowest. tubes broadened beyond the ends of said supplementary tubes, whereby to restrict the flow of gases between the lowermost tubes and to give uniform circulation about all tubes. 8. A water heater comprising a plurality of connected sections of the transverse tube type, each section comprising a pair of vertically disposedend conduits having three,

or more horizontally disposed cross-tubes connected in spaced relation between their upper and lower ends and upwardly diverging Venturi tubes connecting the adjacent cross-tubes.

9. A water heater section of the transverse i tube type, comprising a pair of upright end conduits having an upper enlarged transverse dome conduit and two or more lower transverse tubes of substantially uniform;

cross-sectional area throughout their length connected therebetween and a plurality of flattened Venturi tubes having upwardly diverging walls connected between said dome conduit and the adjacent transverse tubes.

10. A water heater comprising a plurality of sections of the transverse tube type, each section having upright end conduits and transverse connecting tubes extending between said upright end conduits, said transverse connecting tubes being arranged to form tortuous heat circulating passageways between the sections, and the lowermost transverse surface of the combined sections widened to provide the maximum amount of primary heating surface permissible with heat circulating passageways therebetween.

l1. A water heater comprising a plurality of sections of the transverse tube type, each section having upright end conduits and three or more transverse connecting tubes extending between said upright end conduits, said transverseconnecting tubes being formed and arranged to provide tortuous heat circulating passageways between the sections and the lowermost transverse tubes of the combined sections being of greater area than those thereabove whereby increaslng the primary heating surface of the heater and rendering the heat circulating passageways therebetween more tortuous than those above.

12. A water heater comprising a plurality of sections of the transverse tube type, each section having upright end conduits and three or more transverse connecting tubes extending between said upright end conduits, said transverse connecting tubes being formed and arranged to provide tortuous heat circulating passageways between the sections and the lowermost transverse tubes of the combined sections being of greater area than those thereabove whereby increasing the primary heating surface of the heatter and rendering the heat circulating passageways therebetween more tortuous than those above, and upwardly diverging Venturi tubes connecting the transverse connecting tubes of each section with the tube above. In testimony whereof, we hereunto sign our names. CHARLES HOWVARD HOOK.

NATHAN L. MERCUR. 

